Search results for "cloud [pi]"

Shear Effects on the Phase Diagrams of Solutions of Highly Incompatible Polymers in a Common Solvent. 1. Equilibrium Behavior and Rheological Propert…

1997

Phase diagrams (cloud points, tie lines, critical compositions) and viscosities of homogeneous solutions were determined at temperatures ranging from 20 to 100 °C for three representatives of the ternary system cyclohexanone/polystyrene/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) [CHO/PS/PBMA] in preparation of a study on shear influences. An only moderate increase of the two-phase region observed upon heating (LCST behavior) witnesses little heat effects upon mixing. Tie lines which are nearly parallel to the PS/PBMA edge of the Gibbs phase triangle indicate comparable solvent quality of CHO for both polymers. The quantitative mathematical description of the equilibrium behavior-required for a theoretical …

Ternary Polymer Solutions with Hydrogen Bonds, 2

2007

Experimental ternary phase diagrams for ternary systems CHL/PS-MAA/PVPy with diverse MAA contents have been determined by GPC. The presence of MAA in the copolymers gives rise to specific interactions, by hydrogen bond formation between both polymeric components, so strong that the isotherm for the system with the highest MAA content so far studied, CHL/PS-MAA(8%)/PVPy, is representative of a complex coacervation situation. By applying the theoretical background deduced by coupling the Flory-Huggins lattice model to the AET developed for ternary polymeric systems SPP with specific intermolecular interactions (via hydrogen bonds), free energy surfaces for the CHL/PS-MAA/PVPy systems are cons…

Measurement of cloud point temperature in polymer solutions.

2013

A temperature-controlled turbidity measurement apparatus for the characterization of polymer solutions has been instrumented and set up. The main features are the coupled temperature-light transmittance measurement and the accurate temperature control, achieved by means of peltier cells. The apparatus allows to measure cloud point temperatures by adopting different cooling protocols: low rate for quasi-equilibrium measurements and high rate for detect kinetic effects. A ternary polymeric solution was adopted as case study system showing that cooling rate affects the measured cloud point temperature.

Thermoresponsive hyperbranched polyethylenimines with isobutyramide functional groups

2007

Financial aspects of business models : reducing costs and increasing revenues in a cloud context

2018

The emergence of cloud computing induces opportunities for software vendors and for organizations with great storage needs. Indeed, software companies have begun to adopt cloud technologies and offer their software as a service to customers instead of selling software products. As a result, their revenue models have changed, and the diversity and complexity of the resulting pricing models have created both opportunities and impediments to competition in the market. On the other hand, due to the exponentially growing volume of digital content, organizations have an increasing demand for storage and need to choose between private, public, and hybrid storage solutions. This decision requires c…

Wintertime Airborne Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles in the High Arctic: A Hint to a Marine, Biogenic Source for Ice Nucleating Particles

2020

Ice nucleating particles (INPs) affect the radiative properties of cold clouds. Knowledge concerning their concentration above ground level and their potential sources is scarce. Here we present the first highly temperature resolved ice nucleation spectra of airborne samples from an aircraft campaign during late winter in 2018. Most INP spectra featured low concentration levels (<3 · 10−4 L−1 at −15°C). −2 −1 However, we also found INP concentrations of up to 1.8·10 L at −15°C and freezing onsets as high as −7.5°C for samples mainly from the marine boundary layer. Shape and onset temperature of the ice nucleation spectra of those samples as well as heat sensitivity hint at biogenic INP. Col…

Thermodynamic correction of particle concentrations measured by underwing probes on fast-flying aircraft

2016

Particle concentration measurements with underwing probes on aircraft are impacted by air compression upstream of the instrument body as a function of flight velocity. In particular, for fast-flying aircraft the necessity arises to account for compression of the air sample volume. Hence, a correction procedure is needed to invert measured particle number concentrations to ambient conditions that is commonly applicable to different instruments to gain comparable results. In the compression region where the detection of particles occurs (i.e. under factual measurement conditions), pressure and temperature of the air sample are increased compared to ambient (undisturbed) conditions in certain …

Cloud product capability assessment method

2015

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on lisätä osaamista tuotehallintaan, miten IT-palveluhallinta- ja kokonaisarkkitehtuurimenetelmiä voidaan integroida pilvipalveluiden tuotteistamiseen. Tutkimuksen toisena tavoitteena on rakentaa uusi pilvipalveluiden kyvykkyyksien hallintamenetelmä, jonka avulla pilvipalveluiden tuotteistusta voidaan hallita ideasta markkinoille saamiseen asti. Uusi menetelmä on tarkoitettu tuote- ja projektipäälliköille sekä arkkitehdeille, jotka työskentelevät pilvipalveluiden kanssa. Pilvipalvelulle luodaan liiketoiminnan näkökulmasta uusi määritelmä, annetaan lyhyt esittely pilvipalveluiden tuotehallinnasta sekä määritellään tarve liiketoiminnan ketteryydelle. IT-näkökulmassa tu…